Support financial plans, investment reviews and client meetings. Early roles often involve preparing information, servicing accounts and following through on requests. Over time, advisers may build and manage client relationships.
Entry route: Look for planning associate, client service associate and wealth analyst roles at registered investment advisers, private banks and brokerage firms. Ask how much of the job is planning, operations or selling, and whether you must bring clients.
Core skills: Excel cash-flow and net-worth schedules · Compounding, retirement and debt scenarios · Portfolio risk, diversification and fees
Start at SCU: Finance Association.
Tools to explore: Excel · eMoney Advisor · Salesforce / CRM
Analyze businesses, build valuation models and prepare presentations for capital raises, acquisitions and sales. Junior bankers spend substantial time checking numbers, updating materials and coordinating transaction work.
Entry route: Summer analyst internships are an important route to full-time analyst positions. Track each bank's calendar early in college; recruiting may start well before the internship year. Include smaller advisory firms in your search.
Core skills: Three financial statements and how they connect · Discounted cash flow (DCF) and comparable-company valuation · Excel modeling, sensitivities and error checks
Start at SCU: Investment Banking Club.
Tools to explore: Excel · PowerPoint · S&P Capital IQ Pro
Map markets, meet founders, investigate business models and help investment teams assess opportunities. Junior roles can emphasize sourcing—finding companies and building relationships—alongside investment analysis.
Entry route: Some firms hire graduates into analyst programs, but direct seats are limited. Also consider startup operating roles, banking, consulting or sector research as ways to develop expertise and a useful network.
Core skills: Market sizing and competitor maps · Unit economics, retention and cash runway · Cap tables, dilution and financing terms
Start at SCU: Ciocca Center · Bronco Ventures.
Tools to explore: Excel · PitchBook · Carta / cap-table tools
Assess acquisitions, model debt and returns, research industries and support portfolio-company work. Depending on the program, early responsibilities may focus on sourcing companies, diligence or investment execution.
Entry route: Apply selectively to undergraduate analyst programs while developing realistic alternatives in banking, transaction advisory, consulting or operating finance. Those routes can build relevant deal and business experience; none guarantees a later investing role.
Core skills: Accounting and operating forecasts · Leveraged buyout models and debt schedules · Return sensitivities and downside cases
Start at SCU: Investment Banking Club.
Tools to explore: Excel · PowerPoint · S&P Capital IQ Pro
Analyze buildings, leases, markets and financing. Work ranges from advising buyers and tenants to underwriting investments, lending, developing projects and improving existing properties.
Entry route: Start with SCU's Real Estate Association and the Real Estate Institute. Use REI's Career Accelerator Program, recruiting events and the real estate minor to explore a specific role, develop a work sample and meet employers prepared.
Core skills: Excel property cash flows and lease assumptions · Net operating income (NOI), cap rates, debt service coverage and loan-to-value · Debt schedules, investment returns and sensitivity analysis
Start at SCU: Real Estate Association.
Tools to explore: Excel · ARGUS Enterprise · CoStar
Prepare or examine financial records, test controls and transactions, research reporting questions or help with tax work. Public accounting, industry accounting and tax are related but distinct starting paths.
Entry route: Use SCU Accounting Association and CARE recruiting resources. Target audit, tax and accounting internships or associate roles. Plan CPA eligibility with an adviser early, especially during California's transition to new rules.
Core skills: Journal entries, accruals and financial statements · Excel reconciliations, lookups and pivot tables · Audit evidence, controls and documentation
Start at SCU: SCU Accounting Association.
Tools to explore: Excel · Power BI / Power Query · Alteryx Designer
Structure questions, research markets, analyze data and turn findings into recommendations. Junior consultants build analyses and presentations and work with colleagues and client teams to test what will work.
Entry route: Look for business analyst and associate consultant programs, including specialist and local firms. Pair interview preparation through Santa Clara Strategy with applied project opportunities through Santa Clara Consulting or GetVirtual.
Core skills: Problem framing and hypothesis-driven analysis · Excel analysis, market sizing and business cases · Clear slides with evidence for each recommendation
Start at SCU: Santa Clara Strategy.
Tools to explore: Excel · PowerPoint · SQL
Build budgets and forecasts, explain results, evaluate investments and support operating teams. Financial planning and analysis (FP&A), treasury and finance rotations offer different ways into the business.
Entry route: Search for financial analyst, FP&A analyst and finance rotational or development programs. Include technology companies, manufacturers, healthcare, nonprofits and smaller businesses—not only financial firms.
Core skills: Driver-based budgets and forecasts · Actual-versus-plan analysis and cash flow · Excel plus SQL and a dashboard tool where relevant
Start at SCU: Finance Association.
Tools to explore: Excel · Power BI / Power Query · SQL
Financial due diligence examines the quality of earnings, working capital, debt-like items and cash flow. Commercial diligence tests markets and customers; operational and technology diligence examine how the business runs. These specializations require different skills.
Entry route: Look for graduate transaction-advisory programs and specialist firms. Public-accounting audit is another route into financial diligence; consulting can lead toward commercial diligence. An 'associate' title does not always mean no experience is required.
Core skills: Accounting and quality-of-earnings analysis · Working capital, net debt and cash conversion · Excel data cleanup, reconciliations and source tracking
Start at SCU: SCU Accounting Association.
Tools to explore: Excel · Power BI / Power Query · Alteryx Designer
Fundamental teams research businesses and investment catalysts; quantitative teams build and test data-driven models. Trading, risk, operations and research are distinct roles within a fund.
Entry route: Selective graduate academies exist. Other routes include equity research, asset management, banking or quantitative study. Pick a fundamental or quantitative track before preparing; their interview and technical requirements differ.
Core skills: Fundamental track: accounting, valuation and industry research · Quant track: probability, statistics and Python; deeper math where required · Risk, position sizing and downside analysis
Start at SCU: Santa Clara Investment Fund.
Tools to explore: Excel · Python · Bloomberg Terminal
Analyze companies, bonds, funds or portfolios and communicate investment views. Asset managers manage client capital; sell-side researchers publish analysis for institutional clients. The employer and team determine the day-to-day work.
Entry route: Search asset-management graduate programs, research internships and investment analyst roles. Distinguish investment research from client service, distribution and operations when comparing programs.
Core skills: Financial statements and valuation · Portfolio risk, benchmarks and performance · Excel research models and market-data literacy
Start at SCU: Santa Clara Investment Fund.
Tools to explore: Excel · Bloomberg Terminal · Python
Analyze borrowers, model cash flow, review collateral and loan terms, and monitor credit quality. Commercial banks, corporate banks and private-credit funds serve different borrowers and use different structures.
Entry route: Commercial and corporate banking analyst programs can provide direct graduate routes. Private-credit investing roles are often more selective and may prefer prior lending, banking or investment experience.
Core skills: Cash-flow forecasting and debt service · Leverage, coverage ratios and covenants · Collateral, industry risks and downside scenarios
Start at SCU: Credit Investment Club.
Tools to explore: Excel · S&P Capital IQ Pro · PowerPoint
Analyze customer or financial data, improve reporting and support products or operations. Some roles are business-facing; others require substantial software engineering or data-science training.
Entry route: Search finance data analyst, business analyst, product analyst and financial-technology graduate programs. Read technical prerequisites carefully; a finance degree alone may not qualify you for an engineering role.
Core skills: SQL joins, aggregation and data validation · Excel plus Python or a visualization tool · Unit economics, experiments and business metrics
Start at SCU: Finance Technology Student Association.
Tools to explore: SQL · Python · Excel
Measure exposures, test scenarios and report on potential losses or cash needs. Market risk, credit risk, model risk and corporate treasury overlap in tools but solve different problems.
Entry route: Look for graduate risk programs, treasury analyst and risk analyst roles. Quantitative model-development roles may require deeper mathematics or graduate study; reporting and business-risk roles differ.
Core skills: Probability, statistics and scenario analysis · Cash forecasting, liquidity and financial instruments · Excel; SQL or Python for analytical teams
Start at SCU: Credit Investment Club.
Tools to explore: Excel · SQL · Python